Management Information System - Cheatsheet
05BC1501 - Management Information System
1. What is MIS?
MIS => Management Infromation System.
MIS is used for infromation technology,people,business process to record,store and process data to produce infromation that the decision maker can make day to day decision.
MIS is the collection of hardware,system,procedure and people that all work together to process,store and produce the information that useful to the organization.
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Right Infromation
to the Right Person
At the Right Place
At the Right Time
In the Right Form
At the Right Cost
-Decision maker need information to make effective decision.Management Infromation System make this possible.
-SMS => Short Message Service.
-MIS Record all the transaction of an organization and provide a reference point for the Transaction.
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2. Components of MIS?
People :
People Who use The Infromation System.
Data :
The data that the information system record.
Business Procedures:
Procedures put in place on how to store,record and analyze data.
Hardware :
These include servers,workstations,networkking,printers etc.
Software:
These are programs used to handle the data.These include such as spreadsheet programs,database software.
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3.USes / Benefits/ Role of MIS
MIS ensure that relevant data is collected from the various sources and sent further destination.
-->It fulfills the need of individual,group,management.
-->Mis helps in strtegic planning,management control,opertational control and Transation process.
-->MIS play an important role in information generation,communication,problem identification and decision making.
-->MIs create structured database and save time.
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4. Structured and Unstructured data? (defference between)
Structured :
It is clearly defined and searchable types of data.
Structured data is quantitative.
Structured data is often stored in warehouses.
Structured data is easy to seach and analyze.
Structured data exist in predefined formats.
Unstructured :
It is usually stored in its native formate.
Unstructured data is qualitative.
Unstructure data id stored in data lakes.
Unstructured data require more work to understand.
Unstructured data is in variety of forms.
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5.what is Business Process?
Event,activities and decisions involb=ving multiple actors and resources that collectively lead to the out come.
example:- order to cash , application to approval, claim to settlement.
-Business process are the collection of activities required to produce a product or service.
-These activities are support by flow of material,information and knowledge among the participants in business processes.
-Business process also refer to the unique ways in which organizations coordinate work, information, and knowledge, and the ways in which management chooses to coordinate work.
Business Processes:
Manufacturing and Production
Sales and marketing
Finance and accounting
Human resources
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6. How infromation System Improves Business Process?
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Infromation System automate many step in Business Process that perform manually such like checking credit,generating invoice and shipping orders. But today infromation technology can do much more.
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New technology can change the flow of infromation.
it's frequently changes the way a business work and supports entirely new business models.
example :-
Sales -----> Generate Order -------> Submit Order
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Accounting ------>check creadit ----> Approve credit ----> Generate invoice
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Manufacturing------> Assemble product ----> Ship product and Production
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7. Infromation System ?
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There are different level in organization and different kind of systems are there.Single system can not provide all the information to an organization.
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Operational management ,middle management and senior management each use system to supportt to make effective decisions.
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There are Three Types of Systems
1. Transcation processing system -->TPS
2. Management Information System -->MIS
3. Decision Support System -->DSS
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1.TPS :-
Operational managers need this system that keep track of all the activities and transactions ot hte organization.Such as sales,receipts payroll and etc.
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TPS is a computerized system that perform and records the daily routine transactions such like sales order entry,hotel reservations,payroll and shipping .
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The main purpose ot system at this level is to answer routine questions and to track the flow of transaction in organization.
ex:-
How many part are in inventory?
what happened to mt.abc payment?
To answer Like this question TPS is used.
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2. MIS :-
Middle management need system to help with monitoring,controlling and decision making.
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The term MIS also a specific category of information system serving middle management.
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MIS provide middle managers with current performance of organization.This info us used to monitor and control the business predictions.
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MIS summarize and report on the company basic operations using data supplied by TPS.
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3.DSS :
Decision making is a daily activity for any human being.When it comes to business organization,decision making is a habit and process as well.
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Effective and successful decision make profit to the company and unsuccessful ones make losses.Therefore decision making process is the most critical in organization.
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Decisions that are taken in organization are like :-
1. Goal and objective of the organization.
2. Organization Structure.
3. Organization Design.
4. Budgets
5. Time Period
6. Staff - Slaries,Wages,Working Hours.
7. Marketing Mix - Product,Price,Place,Promotion.
8. Research & Design.
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8. How Infromation System Function works in Business?
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Business need different jind of information system to run business process effectively.
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The infromation system department is the formal organization unit responsible for information technology services.
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The information system department is responsible for maintaining the hardware,Software,data storege and networks.
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The department consists of specialist:-
1. Programmers
2. Systems analysts
3. Project Leaders.
4. information system managers.
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In many companies the informations systems department is headed by Chief Information Officer.
The CIO is a senior manager who oversees the use of information technology in the firm.
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Large positions for Information system :-
1. chief security officer : is in charge of IS security for the firm and is responsible for enforcing the information security policy.
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CSO responsible for :-
i. Educating and training users.
ii. IS specialists about security.
iii. Keeping management aware of security threats and breakdowns.
iv. Maintaining the tools and policies chosen to implement security.
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2. chief knowledge officer : The CKO is responsible for the firm's knowledge management pri=ogram. The CKO helps design program and system to find new sources of knowledge to make better use of existing management processes.
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3. chief privacy officer :- The CPO is responsible for ensuring that the company complies with existing data privacy laws.
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9. What is Organization?
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An organization is a stable, formal social structure that takes resources from the environment and processes them to produce output.
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Capital and labor are primary production factors provided by the environment.
-->Definition of organization is a collection of rights,privileges,obligation and responsiblities for over a period of time through conflict.
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View of the firm :-
they gain attechments to existing relationships.
they make arrangements with subordinates and superiors about how work will be done.
the amount of work that will be done.
under what conditions work will be done.
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10. How information system impact organizations and business firms?
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IS have become online,interactive tools deeply involved in the minute-to-minute operations and decision making of large organization.
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Economic impacts:-
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The point of view of economics ,IT changes both the relative costs of capital and the costs of information.
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IS technology can be viewed as factor of production that can be substituted for traditional capital and labor.
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Information technology also can reduce internal management costs. As firm grow in size and scope,agency cost or coordination costs rise beacause owners must expend more and more.
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IT by reducing the costs of acquiring and analyzing information,permits organizations to reduce agency costs because it become easier for managers to oversee a greater number of employees.
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Organizational and Behavioral Impacts :-
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Some of the large organizations have downsized, reducing the number of employees and the number of levels in their organizational hierarchies.
Behavioral researchers have theorized that information technology facilitates flattening of hierarchies by broadening the distribution of information to empower lower-level employees and increase management efficiency.
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Many companies have eliminated thousands of middle managers as a result of these changes.
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